«Suicidology» №1 – 2026
Kolachev N.I., Chistopolskaya K.A., Enikolopov S.N., Zhang J. Establishing cut-off scores for the Psychological Strain Scales by J. Zhang: relevance for studying suicidal tendencies in Russian youth. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 3-20. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-3-20
Social and socio-psychological studies attract suicidologists, as they open the possibility to see the “big picture”, and not just the subjective experiences of suicidal people. The appearance of the Strain Theory of Suicide by J. Zhang and his inventory Psychological Strain Scales is an important progress in understanding the social causes of suicidal behavior. Objective: Establishing cut-off scores for the inventory Psychological Strain Scales, for identification of the suicide risk group. Methods: The normative sample comprised 269 people, 169 females (63%), 99 males (1 participant did not state their gender), aged 17–28 (М=19.0, SD=1.1). The clinical sample consisted of 146 patients of the psychiatry (crisis) department, with suicidal thoughts and/or behavior. There were 105 females (72%) and 41 males, aged 16–48 (M=23.1, SD=5.9). All the respondents filled out the inventory Psychological Strain Scales. For establishing cut-off scores, the modern test theory for rating scales was used. Results: Three scales out of four from the Psychological Strain Scales showed the capacity for identifying people with suicidal tendencies: Value Strain (two levels: below and above average), Aspiration Strain (three levels: low, moderate, and high), and Coping Strain (four levels: low, moderate, elevated, and high). Integral score also adds important information (four levels: low, moderate, elevated, and high). Conclusions: The inventory Psychological Strain Scales showed strong capacity for identification of suicide risk groups in young adults in Russia. It can be applied both for research and screenings, and the cut-off scores were established for its usability.
Keywords: value strain, aspiration strain, relative deprivation strain, coping strain, suicidal behavior, suicide risk
Filonenko A.V., Guryanova E.A., Golenkov A.V., Sergueeva A.I. «Dark tetrad» in suicidal behavior of paraphilia. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 21-39. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-21-39
Sexually motivated suicides attract considerable attention. Significant advances have been made in the development of diagnostics aimed at identifying and treating individuals exhibiting such behavior. Despite these advances, the origins of sexually motivated homicides remain largely unknown. This paper examines the components of the Dark Tetrad (DT) to understand the etiology of homicides based on paraphilic disorders of sexual preference. The DT and paraphilias share an identical genetic basis. The aim of this review was to identify the relationships between the DT and paraphilia’s suicidal behavior for both the perpetrator and the victim, and to inform about ways to prevent suicidal outcomes. Materials and Methods. The implications of this issue for future research into the causes of sexually motivated homicides are discussed. A review of Russian and international literature describing risk factors for suicidal behavior is conducted. The websites PubMed, PubMed Central and elibrary.ru were used to collect the material. Results. The relationship between paraphilia and suicidal behavior was studied. A factor preceding the development of paraphilia is psychological trauma caused by childhood abuse and DT traits, which trigger suicidal social outcomes. Gender differences were found in the prevalence of primary paraphilic interests and behaviors. Men were more likely to report voyeurism, exhibitionism, sadism, and frotteurism, while women were more likely to report fetishism and masochism. Machiavellianism was associated with a lower propensity for paraphilic behavior, particularly impulsive or risky behavior. Psychopathy predicted a greater tendency toward deviant or illegal paraphilias, while sadism was associated only with frotteurism, and narcissism was not a predictor of paraphilia. Disinhibition and meanness characteristic of psychopathy, as well as the sense of superiority and exploitative tendencies characteristic of narcissism, are consistently associated with paraphilic interests, particularly sexual sadism, while courage does not. Characteristics of narcissism and psychopathy showed the most pronounced associations with paraphilic interests, although characteristics of antisocial personality disorder were also strong predictors. The relationships are comparable for both genders. Investigations of sexual murderers should include a strategy for assessing the DT, premeditation, and personality and paraphilic characteristics. Crime indicators that should alert both psychiatrists and investigators include similarities in victim characteristics and characteristic aspects of the nudity and location of the body. Serial murderers are characterized by narcissistic, schizoid, and obsessive-compulsive traits; They more often resort to sexual masochism, partialism, homosexual pedophilia, exhibitionism, and voyeurism. Conclusion. Signs of paraphilia are present in individuals with the DT and remain a matter of great social significance. It is clear that paraphilia is closely related to manifestations of the DT. The need to consider including paraphilia as a component of the DT has arisen. These findings expand on existing knowledge about sexual fantasies and sexual behavior, their relationship with grandiose, vulnerable, and malignant narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and sadism, paving the way for broader research into the significance of dark personality changes as possible sources of pathological sexual fantasies, inappropriate behavior, and suicidal behavior.
Keywords: Dark Tetrad; paraphilia; suicidal behavior; childhood psychological trauma; genetic markers
Perezhogina G.V., Sidorova N.V., Tolstoluzhinskayа E.M., Khabarova E.A. Establishing the space-temporal characteristics of a criminal event in driving to suicide criminal cases. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 40-52. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-40-52
This study analyzes the totality of circumstances surrounding driving to suicide – the time and place of the crime – which must be established to resolve the criminal case substantially. The article examines the specifics of determining the spatial and temporal characteristics of incitement to suicide in criminal proceedings. It is found that the time lag between the criminal act and the resulting consequence, such as suicide or attempted suicide, complicates localizing the crime scene. An analysis of judicial practice reveals that, due to the protracted nature of threats, cruel treatment, or systematic humiliation of human dignity, only the location of the consequences (criminal suicide or attempted suicide) is recorded as the location of the incident in criminal case materials. The authors conclude that the time lag between the commission of criminal acts and the resulting consequences, such as a completed (or unfinished) suicide attempt, characteristic of incitement to suicide, coupled with the normative universality of the subject and methods of proof in determining the time and place of the crime, may shift the focus of criminal proceedings. This creates risks of incompletely establishing the event of incitement to suicide and possible impunity for the perpetrator. The aim of this study is to identify the theoretical and applied contradiction between the universality of the legislative criminal procedural structure of the subject of proof and the need to specify it when understanding the unique circumstances of incitement to suicide, as well as to analyze the law enforcement issues that arise when establishing the spatiotemporal characteristics of this crime. The materials of the study were the texts of court decisions (sentences of courts of general jurisdiction of the Russian Federation) in criminal cases related to incitement to suicide, issued between 2021 and 2025; and the scientific works of legal scholars. Results. Without establishing the specifics of proof applicable to incitement to suicide, Russian criminal procedure law places parties in criminal proceedings in a situation where they are forced, relying on general regulatory provisions and guided by a limited arsenal of permitted procedural means of inquiry, to overcome the temporal-spatial gap – a constructive feature of the offense of incitement to suicide, in which the unlawful influence on the victim can be dispersed in space and over a prolonged period of time. The authors' analysis of judicial practice suggests that, in cases of prolonged unlawful influence on the victim, it is only possible to reliably establish the location of the suicide – that is, not the criminal act itself, but its socially dangerous consequences. In practice, it is possible to fully prove the location of the event (including threats, cruel, degrading treatment, and the suicide itself) in cases involving domestic violence. The specifics of driving to suicide also influenced the means of proof, which allowed the authors to deduce a certain pattern regarding the relationship between verbal and non-verbal methods of proving the place and time of criminal suicide.
Keywords: subject of proof, time and place of the crime, elements of the crime, incitement to suicide
Gurulyova E.R., Merinov A.V., Yashechkina N.N., Solovykh Ju.А. Comparative characteristics of suicidological profiles of young women and men with bulimia nervous. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 53-64. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-53-64
Due to the difficulty of timely diagnosis and the high risk of suicide, eating disorders represent one of the most dangerous and unfavorable nosological categories. Although eating disorders are more typical for women, the incidence is also increasing among men, who are much less likely to seek help and more likely to conceal their disorder. Currently, research on gender-specific suicide risk in bulimia nervosa (BN) is critically limited, and the available data are quite contradictory. The aim of this study. The aim of the study was to examine the suicidological characteristics of young individuals with bulimia nervosa depending on gender. Materials and methods. Forty young women and 30 young men aged 20 to 24 with BN were examined. The following diagnostic tools were used: a clinical and anamnestic questionnaire aimed at identifying autoaggressive patterns in past and present; SRQ (suicide risk questionnaire) in the modification of T.N. Razumovskaya. Mathematical processing was carried out using the SPSS program. Results and discussion. There is a prevalence of suicidal thoughts in the group of women with BN both in the last two years (57.5% versus 13.33% in the group of men with BN) and earlier (47.5% versus 16.67%). In regards to the representation of non-suicidal autoaggressive patterns in men, the leading ones are a pronounced tendency to unjustified risk (20% versus 2.5% in the group of women with BN), substance abuse (20% and 2.5%, respectively). The assessment of predictors of autoaggressive behavior did not reveal a significant difference between the groups, however, there is a predominance of pro-suicidal emotional complex significant for suicidological practice in the female group (shame, guilt, remorse, feeling of loneliness, feeling of inferiority). The SRQ demonstrated a more significant suicidal potential in the female group. Conclusions. Gender-specific suicidological profiles were identified in individuals with BN: young women with BN are significantly more likely to exhibit classic suicidal patterns (suicidal thoughts and experiences) along with a pronounced pro-suicidal emotional model (corresponding to the SRQ values), while men with BN demonstrate statistically significant differences in the risk- victim and substance abuse vectors of self-aggression. These results will enable the most personalized preventive and therapeutic interventions for individuals with BN.
Keywords: eating disorder; bulimia nervosa; men with bulimia nervosa; women with bulimia nervosa; suicide attempts; suicide; autoaggression; suicidology; self-harm
Lyubov E.B. Suicidal behavior among health care workers: the unbearable heavyness of being. Part I: the scope and boundaries of the problem. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 65-81. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-65-81
Suicidal behavior (SB), an interdisciplinary and interdepartmental problem, affects society, including healthcare workers (HCWs); raises concerns at the individual, institutional, and societal levels. This narrative review summarizes the scientific evidence from the literature on HCWs as a vulnerable professional group from a historical perspective. The data from population samples, systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the topic of SB of HCWs (mainly over the past 10 years) are summarized and critically assessed from a broad perspective, as in an “umbrella review”. However, unlike the "umbrella" review, this review uses qualitative analysis data (what it is like to "be a suicide "), using real and fictional "cases".
Keywords: suicidal behavior, healthcare workers, epidemiology, risk and protective factors, treatment and prevention
Kozlov V.A., Golenkov A.V., Zotov P.B. Pharmacogenetics of suicidal behavior: Z-drugs. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 82-93. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-82-93
The frequency of suicides increases in the group of people experiencing chronic sleep problems (insomnia). Drugs for the treatment of insomnia (hypnotics) should reduce the number of suicides, but in practice hypnotics cause an additional increase in the frequency of suicides in the group of people who systematically take them. Taking Z-drugs and non-benzodiazepine GABAA receptor modulators (zaleplon, zolpidem, zopiclone, esopiclone) for sleep disorders, compared with people who do not take any of these drugs, is accompanied by an increased risk of suicide in men by 1.5 times on average and in women by 2.2 times. The article discusses possible pharmacogenetic mechanisms of the prosuicidal reversible action of Z-drugs. Z-drugs increase the activity of the cytochrome P 450 CYP3A isoform, and therefore can alter the metabolism of testosterone and purines in the programmatic treatment of insomnia. Taking Z-drugs can change the structure of the GABAA receptor protein pentamer, which forms the chloride channel and consists of five subunits (pentamer). In humans, this pentamer is formed by recombination of 19 subunits: α (1-6), β (1-3), γ (1-3), δ, ε, π, θ, and p (1-3), which is related to the difference in affinity for ligands and the functional diversity of GABAA receptors in neurons of different brain regions. Taking zolpidem increases the expression of the α1 mRNA subunit and the number of γ2 subunit proteins, that is, it induces the synthesis of de novo receptor proteins at both the transcriptional and translational levels. However, after day 14 of taking zolpidem, the expression of the α1 mRNA subunit decreases significantly, which may change the pharmacodynamics of the drug. In turn, congenital or somatic mutations of GABAA receptor chloride channel proteins can cause the appearance of adverse reactions to Z drugs in carriers of these mutations. The chemical structure of Z-preparations is based on a condensed heterocycle, which has a structural similarity to purine bases (adenine, guanine). Because Z-drugs are hydrophobic, they can easily diffuse into the cytoplasm and cell nucleus. Due to their similarity to purine bases, Z-drugs can bind to AP sites (DNA regions that have lost their nucleic bases). This can cause secondary mutagenesis, which in turn can lead to neuroinflammation, disruption of the genetic regulation of mental processes and the development of suicidal behavior, along with changes in the metabolism of testosterone, natural purine nucleotides and structural rearrangements of the chloride channel of the GABAA receptor.
Keywords: Z drugs, GABAA receptor, AP site, adverse reactions, suicide
Kuznetsova E.A., Zinovyeva E.V., Rozanov V.A., Kostromina S.N. Prospects of using the peer-to-peer model in preventing suicidal behavior among university youth. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 94-113. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-94-113
Suicidal behavior among university students is considered a significant interdisciplinary public health problem that is universal across universities regardless of country or type of educational programs. At the same time, existing prevention programs are not effective enough, and there is no official statistics on students’ completed suicides in Russian higher education institutions. In this study, particular attention is paid to the “peer-to-peer” technology as a promising tool for preventing mental distress among students. We present here a brief historical overview of social initiatives that formed the basis of the “peer-to-peer approach” and analyze 98 Russian language publications where such technologies were used from 2001 to 2025. It has been found that research and reports are aimed primarily at solving pedagogical and health-preserving tasks, while there is a lack of studies on suicide prevention, especially regarding students. While theoretical foundations, main formats and methods of work, as well as proven effectiveness of this approach in the prevention of addictions, HIV/STDs, healthy lifestyle promotion, and support for patients with chronic diseases are widely described, there are practically no domestic studies of using “peer-to-peer” approach for suicidal behavior prevention. In contrast, at the international level, the success of gatekeeper trainings and “peer-to-peer" programs in universities has been described recently. In order to remedy this gap, the pilot experience of the Psychological Clinic of St. Petersburg State University (in 2025) is presented. We describe a design of the three-hour "peer-to-peer" training for students, with preliminary selection, aimed at reducing stigma, teaching recognition of signs of suicidal behavior and practicing assistance algorithms. Evaluations of immediate effects are described, while delayed effects (after 3 months) are planned ahead. At the moment 50 people had completed the training. According to the results of a survey immediately administered after the training, compared to the baseline level, the topic of suicide became subjectively more understandable for psychology students; there was an increase in the knowledge level about suicidal behavior and assistance algorithms, as well readiness to help a peer in case of suicidal risk. For students from other departments, in addition to these positive shifts, the topic of suicide also became less frightening. Further development involves creating a systematic training and supervision system for student instructors and conducting longitudinal studies to assess long-term effects of programs. It is advisable to integrate this type of suicide prevention into the general system of psychological support for students in higher education institutions.
Keywords: suicidal behavior, prevention, peer-to-peer, students, university students, group programs
Vardanyan K.K., Hayrapetyan A.K., Muradyan A.A. Dynamics of general mortality and mortality from suicide among the special contingent of the penitentiary system and the civilian population of the Republic of Armenia (2003–2023). Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 114-125. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-114-125
The issues of mortality of the special contingent of the penitentiary system remain of high relevance. Among the external causes of death in penitentiary institutions (PI), mortality from suicide is of particular importance, which requires increased attention and an interdisciplinary approach to the prevention of suicidal behavior. The aim of the work is to study and give a comparative assessment of the dynamics of overall mortality rates among persons held in the penitentiary institutions of the Republic of Armenia, as well as completed suicides. Material and methods: official state statistics on the number of registered deaths (in 2003-2023) in the general population, data from the Ministry of Justice on completed suicides (2009-2023) among persons serving sentences in the RA PI. Results: for the period 2003-2023 a tendency towards an increase in total mortality was revealed both in the Republic as a whole and in the penitentiary system. The average total mortality rate in the population (9.1) exceeded that of the special contingent (6.2) by 1.5 times. A noticeable tension in the situation of completed suicides in the PI was also revealed: the level of this indicator among persons deprived of their liberty significantly exceeds that among the civilian population. In the period 2009-2023. the average death rate from suicides among the special contingent of PI was 101.9 (per 100,000 people), while among the civilian population of Armenia – 6.4, which is 15.9 times higher. Conclusions: 1. In the Republic of Armenia, the death rate from suicide among persons deprived of their liberty exceeds the general population indicators and tends to increase. 2. Reducing the level of suicide among the special contingent should be one of the priority tasks of the medical and psychological services of the penitentiary system, and cannot be provided only by methods of administrative and regime regulation. 3. The obtained data justify the need to determine the priority measures for the prevention of suicidal behavior in the penitentiary system of the Republic of Armenia and the implementation of a set of interdisciplinary measures, including early detection and accounting for risk factors, psychological diagnosis and dynamic observation, increasing the competence of personnel, improving the conditions for adaptation and accessibility of medical care, including specialized psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care
Keywords: suicide, mortality in prisons, suicides in the penitentiary system, auto-aggression, special agent, imprisonment
Merinov A.V., Shishkova I.M. Decompensatory (minus-) model of suicidal behavior. Part III. Diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 126-145. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-126-145
This work continues a series of publications devoted to the decompensatory (minus-) model of suicidogenesis (DMS). The first two parts formulate the basic tenets of the DMS, the operating principles of the contra-suicide system (CSS), and the content and functional characteristics of its constituent blocks. This part is devoted to the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities offered by the CSS decompensation model. The aim of the work is to formulate options for using the anti-suicide contra-gram (ASCG). To propose formulations for the content of contra-suicide blocks (CSB) for joint work with the patient/respondent (direct and projective nature), and to demonstrate options for completing the ASCG by the physician/researcher and the respondent. To recommend algorithms for possible psychotherapeutic work with the content of CSB’s problematic. Results: The proposed variants of the ASCG were tested in practical work, demonstrating their significant diagnostic potential. Client’s formulations of the CSB were created and described, and legends for their use in projective ASCG (the least stigmatizing variant) were proposed. An analysis of the CSB and their level of functioning in individuals with anti-vital tendencies allowed us to formulate support points for focused and structured psychotherapeutic interventions (a "roadmap" for rebooting/reviving the CSB). This will make crisis interventions more standardized and conscious, combining previously used techniques with the creation of a single integrative therapeutic process. Trajectories for the use of each CSB in preventive work are described. Conclusions: The concept of the decompensatory (minus-) model of suicidogenesis allowed us to propose simple and clear options for diagnosing the underlying CSS state. The functioning of individual CSB can be assessed by a specialist (the professional version of the ASCG) or by the patient/respondent (the client version of the ASCG). The client version of the ASCG can be used directly (the wording of the legend concerns the patient/respondent) or projectively, when the questions formulated do not directly concern the interviewee). Both variants of use have been tested for individuals identified with autoaggressive patterns and for individuals intact in this regard. The diagnostic algorithm of the ASCG has a distinctly psychotherapeutic focus. The concept of the CSS has allowed us to propose a model of its reconstructive therapy as an effective platform capable of integrating numerous techniques used in suicidological practice into a unified whole. Supporting frameworks for working with each CSB are proposed.
Keywords: decompensatory model of suicidal behavior (DMS), minus-model of suicidal behavior, suicide, suicidal behavior, autoaggressive behavior, suicidogenesis, contra-suicidal system (CSS), contra-suicidal blocks (CSB), contra-gram, anti-suicidal contra-gram (ASCG), reconstructive therapy in suicidology, reconstructive therapy of CSS
Gilemkhanova E.N., Lushpaeva I.I., Vasiliev R.I., Tirkiya L.R. Socio-psychological indicators of pre-suicide risks in adolescents who have attempted suicide. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 146-161. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-146-161
The relevance of this study is driven by the steady increase in suicidal behavior and the decline in the age threshold for suicide among adolescents and young adults. Therefore, using pre-suicide risk as an indicator of suicidal behavior is an important prognostic indicator. Currently, pre-suicide risk and its relationship with suicidal behavior remain poorly studied in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to conceptualize the concept of pre-suicide risk based on a retrospective analysis of socio-psychological indicators of pre-suicide risk in adolescents who attempted suicide. Materials and Methods. The sample consisted of 287 adolescents registered with the Commission on Minors' Affairs and the Protection of Their Rights for attempted suicide between 2023 and 2025. Of these, 68 adolescents, whose information was found in the 2021-2022 socio-psychological monitoring database, were analyzed for pre-suicidal risk in a retrospective longitudinal study. The Unified Methodology of Social and Psychological Testing, which contains risk and protective factors, as well as scales for assessing destructive personality traits and relationship problems with others, was used as a diagnostic tool. Descriptive statistics, multilevel regression analysis, and comparative analysis using Student's t-test for dependent and independent groups were used to process the data. Results. Based on E. Durkheim's theory, a definition of pre-suicidal risk was formulated. Pre-suicidal risk is the probability of transition from the pre-dispositional phase of suicidal behavior to the pre-suicidal phase, determined by the ratio of risk factors and protective factors in the individual's socio-psychological conditions. Given that the predispositional phase is associated with the search for external and internal resources, this study analyzes the sociopsychological risk and protective factors in adolescents who have attempted suicide. Statistical analysis revealed sociopsychological indicators of maladjustment risk in adolescents who have attempted suicide. It was found that adolescents who have attempted suicide are characterized by a reduced need for approval of their actions, increased impulsivity, a decreased proactive attitude, a loss of a sense of belonging and involvement in the classroom, and a loss of a sense of belonging. The study also confirms the role of the educational environment, demonstrating a greater risk factor for classes attended by adolescents who have attempted suicide compared to educational institutions without suicide incidents. Conclusions. The results indicate that pre-suicidal risk characterizes the transitional stage from the search for internal and external support to the recognition of their absence, which leads to extreme forms of maladaptation, expressed in suicidal behavior. The study demonstrates that not the actualization of risk factors, but rather the reduction of protective factors, is the most significant marker of pre-suicidal risk associated with profound disturbances in intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships. At the same time, the role of the social environment in determining riskiness has been established, substantiating that the individual's level of risk factor is determined by the overall group value of this indicator. The obtained results substantiate the need to analyze pre-suicidal risks in adolescents and young adults as a key measure in preventing child suicide.
Keywords: suicide attempt, pre-suicidal risk, risk factors, protective factors, educational environment, riskiness of the educational environment, adolescence
Mateykovich E.A., Umansky Е.М., Suldin A.M., Zhmurov V.А., Fomina I.V., Ashikhmina E.P., Topchiu I.F., Bratova О.V., Strelnikova А.V., Khabibullina К.R. Intimate partner violence among suicide risk factors in women. Suicidology. 2026; 17 (1): 162-185. (In Russ / Engl) doi.org/10.32878/suiciderus.26-17-01(62)-162-185
Despite numerous studies and improved preventive measures, suicidal behavior in women remains one of the most pressing medical and social issues. Aim: To review the literature on intimate partner violence as a risk factor for suicide in women. Materials and Methods: A search of scientific databases was conducted in elibrary.ru and PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) using the keywords "intimate partner violence," "consequences of intimate partner violence," "suicidal behavior in women," "suicide," and "suicide attempt," with no limitations on the years of study depth. Results: Intimate partner violence is a widespread negative social phenomenon, reported by up to 51.7% of women. Even a single instance of violence leaves its mark, and repeated episodes lead to serious negative psychological consequences and mental disorders, among which depression is predominant (up to 49.3%), which sharply (up to 10.5 times) increases the risk of suicidal thoughts and, in some cases, leads to suicide attempts and/or suicide. Potentiating factors are often a combination of psychological and physical violence from an intimate partner (quarrels, beatings, fights). Suicides often follow immediately after such scenes and are usually committed within one's own apartment in the evening or at night. Self-poisoning is the predominant method. In general, the data available today allow us to describe fairly well the conditions for the development of suicidal behavior associated with violence. However, preventive measures themselves have not been sufficiently developed. The most important include: active identification of suicidal behavior in risk groups; providing the opportunity for advisory and/or corrective assistance from a psychologist or psychotherapist; consistent social support from families and others; prevention of alcohol and substance abuse; expansion of positive social contacts; limiting access to means of suicide; limiting access of potential criminals to weapons owned by the family or obtained at work/service; working with the media and online resources. In conclusion, the authors conclude that a more in-depth study of suicidal behavior in women exposed to intimate partner violence is necessary to improve prevention programs and reduce suicide mortality.
Keywords: intimate partner violence, consequences of intimate partner violence, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, suicidal behavior in women, suicide, women, risk factors for suicide in women